Troubleshooting
Things go wrong. It happens. This guide will help you figure out what went wrong and how to fix it. Most problems have simple solutions. Some don't. We'll cover both.
Common Error Messages
"can't open file"
What it means: The tool can't open the specified file.
Possible causes:
- File doesn't exist
- Wrong path
- Permission issues
- File is locked by another process
Solutions:
- Check the file path (typos are common)
- Verify the file exists:
ls -l filename - Check file permissions:
chmodif needed - Make sure no other program has the file open
"not an ATR image"
What it means: The file isn't a valid ATR image.
Possible causes:
- File is corrupted
- File is in a different format
- File is empty or incomplete
Solutions:
- Verify the file is actually an ATR image
- Check file size (ATR files should be at least a few KB)
- Try downloading/copying the file again
- Check if it's a different disk image format
"invalid ATR image size"
What it means: The ATR header has invalid size information.
Possible causes:
- Corrupted header
- Non-standard ATR file
- File was truncated
Solutions:
- Try
lsatr --verifyto check the image - The tools may auto-correct some size issues
- If it's a known good image, it might be a tool bug (report it)
"can't write to output file"
What it means: Can't write the output file.
Possible causes:
- Disk full
- Permission denied
- File is read-only
- Path doesn't exist
Solutions:
- Check disk space:
df -h - Check write permissions
- Make sure the directory exists
- Check if file is read-only:
chmodif needed
"option needs an argument"
What it means: You used an option that requires an argument but didn't provide one.
Possible causes:
- Missing argument after option
- Wrong option syntax
Solutions:
- Check the option syntax in the documentation
- Make sure arguments come immediately after options that need them
- Example:
-X output/not-Xoutput/(space matters)
Image Format Issues
Image Won't Load
Symptoms:
- Image doesn't work in emulator
- Image doesn't boot
- Error messages when trying to use image
Possible causes:
- Wrong DOS format for target system
- Corrupted image
- Incompatible sector size
- Boot file issues
Solutions:
- Verify image:
lsatr --verify image.atr - Check DOS format compatibility
- Try recreating the image
- Check boot file format and requirements
Image Too Large
Symptoms:
- Error about image size
- Image creation fails
- "image size calculation overflow"
Possible causes:
- Files too large for available disk sizes
- Maximum size exceeded (16MB limit)
Solutions:
- Check total file sizes
- Use
-xfor exact sizing if needed - Split files across multiple disks
- Maximum ATR size is 16MB (65535 sectors × 256 bytes)
Image Too Small
Symptoms:
- Files don't fit
- "not enough space" errors
Possible causes:
- Files are larger than selected disk size
- Disk size calculation was wrong
Solutions:
- Use a larger disk size (atrforge picks automatically)
- Use
-sto specify minimum size - Remove some files
- Check actual file sizes
File Size Problems
Files Don't Fit
Symptoms:
- Error when adding files
- Files missing from image
Possible causes:
- Files too large for disk
- Not enough free space
Solutions:
- Check file sizes before creating image
- Use larger disk size
- Remove unnecessary files
- Split across multiple disks
Unexpected File Sizes
Symptoms:
- Files appear larger/smaller than expected
- Size mismatches
Possible causes:
- Directory overhead
- Filesystem overhead
- Rounding in size calculations
Solutions:
- Some overhead is normal
- Check actual disk usage, not just file sizes
- Use
lsatrto see actual file sizes in image
Boot File Problems
Boot File Doesn't Load
Symptoms:
- Disk doesn't boot
- Boot process fails
- System hangs on boot
Possible causes:
- File not in binary format
- Bootloader conflict
- Memory conflicts
- Corrupted boot file
Solutions:
- Verify file is in Atari binary format (
.com,.xex) - Try relocating bootloader:
atrforge -B 6 -b disk.atr file.com - Check file isn't corrupted
- Test file separately (not as boot file)
Bootloader Conflicts
Symptoms:
- Boot process starts but fails
- Memory errors
- Program doesn't load correctly
Possible causes:
- Program loads at same address as bootloader
- Memory layout conflicts
Solutions:
- Relocate bootloader:
atrforge -B 6 -b disk.atr file.com - Check program's load address
- Try different bootloader pages (6, 5, or 4)
Conversion Issues
UTF8 Conversion Problems
Symptoms:
- Files don't work after conversion
- Characters are wrong
- Files are corrupted
Possible causes:
- Converting binary files (don't do this)
- Round-trip conversion issues
- Character encoding problems
Solutions:
- Only convert text files, not binary files
- Test converted files before using
- Keep backups of original files
- Use 7-bit mode if needed:
--7bit
Sector Size Conversion Fails
Symptoms:
- Conversion doesn't work
- Data loss
- Image corruption
Possible causes:
- Incompatible DOS format
- Corrupted source image
- Size calculation errors
Solutions:
- Verify source image first:
lsatr --verify source.atr - Check DOS format compatibility
- Backup before converting
- Try extracting files and recreating instead
Permission Problems
Can't Write Files
Symptoms:
- Permission denied errors
- Can't create output files
Possible causes:
- Directory permissions
- File permissions
- Read-only filesystem
Solutions:
- Check directory permissions:
ls -ld directory - Check file permissions:
ls -l file - Use
chmodto fix permissions - Make sure you have write access
Can't Read Files
Symptoms:
- Permission denied when reading
- Can't open input files
Possible causes:
- File permissions
- Directory permissions
- File ownership
Solutions:
- Check file permissions:
ls -l file - Use
chmodto fix if needed - Check if you have read access
- Check file ownership
Path Issues
Path Not Found
Symptoms:
- "can't find path" errors
- Files not found
Possible causes:
- Wrong path
- Path doesn't exist
- Typo in path
Solutions:
- Double-check the path
- Use absolute paths if relative paths fail
- Check for typos
- Verify directory exists
Path Traversal Warnings
Symptoms:
- Warnings about path components
- Files not extracted
Possible causes:
- Dangerous path components (
.., absolute paths) - Security feature blocking extraction
Solutions:
- This is a security feature (it's working as intended)
- Sanitize paths in source images
- Use safe path names
- Check SECURITY.md for details
Memory/Resource Issues
Out of Memory
Symptoms:
- "out of memory" errors
- Process killed
- System slowdown
Possible causes:
- Very large images (approaching 16MB)
- System low on memory
- Too many files
Solutions:
- Close other applications
- Use smaller images
- Process images one at a time
- Increase system memory if possible
Disk Space Issues
Symptoms:
- "disk full" errors
- Can't write output
Possible causes:
- Disk actually full
- Quota exceeded
- Temporary files
Solutions:
- Check disk space:
df -h - Free up disk space
- Clean temporary files
- Use different output location
Build/Installation Issues
Build Fails
Symptoms:
makefails- Compilation errors
Possible causes:
- Missing compiler
- Missing dependencies
- Source code issues
Solutions:
- Install C compiler (GCC or Clang)
- Install build tools (
make) - Check error messages for specific issues
- Try
make cleanand rebuild
Program Not Found
Symptoms:
- "command not found"
- Can't run tools
Possible causes:
- Not in PATH
- Not installed
- Wrong location
Solutions:
- Add
bin/to PATH - Copy binaries to system path
- Use full path:
./bin/atrforge - Check installation completed
Getting More Help
Check Documentation
Verify Your Setup
- Check tool versions:
atrforge -v - Verify images:
lsatr --verify image.atr - Test with simple examples first
Report Issues
If you find a bug:
- Check if it's already known
- Gather information (error messages, commands used, file sizes)
- Report with details
- Include sample files if possible (small, non-sensitive)
Prevention Tips
- Backup before modifying - Tools create backups, but have your own too
- Verify images - Use
--verifybefore using images - Test boot files - Always test bootable disks
- Check file formats - Make sure files are in correct format
- Start simple - Test with simple examples before complex operations
- Read error messages - They usually tell you what's wrong
- Check documentation - Most questions are answered in the docs
See Also
- Examples - Working examples that might help
- Advanced - Advanced techniques that might solve issues
- Tool-specific documentation for detailed help
- SECURITY.md - Security-related issues
For the complete tool list, see the main documentation index.